Events resulting in the formation of a multilayered cellular sheath surrounding an invader and thus preventing its development. This defense mechanism is often seen in insects in response to nematodes or parasitoids, which are too large to be phagocytosed by individual hemocytes. In some organisms the capsule is blackened due to melanization.

The cell fate determination process that results in a cell becoming becomes capable of differentiating autonomously into an ectoderm cell in an environment that is neutral with respect to the developmental pathway; upon specification, the cell fate can be reversed.

Formation of a multilayered, melanized sheath of cells around a foreign invader.

The cell differentiation process that results in commitment of a cell to become part of the ectoderm.

The cell fate determination process that results in a cell becoming capable of differentiating autonomously into an ectoderm cell regardless of its environment; upon determination, the cell fate cannot be reversed.

Catalysis of the reaction: myristoyl-CoA + acetyl-CoA = 3-oxopalmitoyl-CoA + CoA.

The cell differentiation process that results in commitment of a cell to become part of the endoderm.

Catalysis of the reaction: isovaleryl-CoA + 3 malonyl-CoA = 4 CoASH + 3 CO2 + 3-methyl-1-(2,4,6-trihydroxyphenyl)butan-1-one.

Catalysis of the reaction: N-methylanthranilyl-CoA + 3 H(+) + 3 malonyl-CoA = 1,3-dihydroxy-N-methylacridone + 3 CO(2) + 4 CoA + H(2)O.

Catalysis of the reaction: 16-epivellosimine + acetyl-CoA = CoA + vinorine.

Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + isoeugenol = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + isomethyleugenol.

Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + 2 NADPH + palmatine = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + corydaline + 2 NADP(+).

Catalysis of the reaction: 4,8,12-trimethyltridecanoyl-CoA + propanoyl-CoA = 3-oxopristanoyl-CoA + CoA.

Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine(1+) + acetyl-CoA + 18 H(+) + 8 malonyl-CoA + 11 NADPH = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + 8 CO(2) + 9 CoA + dihydromonacolin L + 6 H(2)O + 11 NADP(+).

Catalysis of the reaction: acetyl-CoA + taxa-4(20),11-dien-5alpha-ol = CoA + taxa-4(20),11-dien-5alpha-yl acetate.

Catalysis of the reaction: 10-desacetyltaxuyunnanin C + acetyl-CoA = CoA + taxuyunnanin C.

The directed movement of copper ions out of a cell or organelle.

The rotation of centrosomes and associated pronuclei in one-cell embryos such as those of Caenorhabditis elegans, occurring as a transition between pronuclear migration and pronuclear fusion.

OBSOLETE. The directed movement of a pre-mRNA splicing factor from the cytoplasm into the nucleus, across the nuclear membrane.

A motor activity that generates movement along a microfilament towards the minus end, driven by ATP hydrolysis. The minus end of an actin filament is the end that does not preferentially add actin monomers.