Catalysis of the reaction: 2'-deoxyribonucleoside diphosphate + glutaredoxin disulfide + H2O -> ribonucleoside diphosphate + glutaredoxin.

Catalysis of the reaction: butane + O2 + NAD(P)H + H+ = butanol + NAD(P)+ + H2O.

The close range interaction of two or more cells or tissues that causes the cells of the gut to change their fates and specify the development of the pancreas.

The process in which a specific region of the gut is delineated into the area in which the pancreas will develop.

The morphogenetic process in which the foregut region specified to become the pancreas forms a bud.

The process in which the branches of the pancreas are generated and organized.

A process which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of an extracellular matrix of the endocardium. The endocardium is an anatomical structure comprised of an endothelium and an extracellular matrix that forms the innermost layer of tissue of the heart, and lines the heart chambers.

Catalysis of the reaction: 3-methoxy-4-hydroxy-5-decaprenylbenzoic acid -> 2-methoxy-6-decaprenylphenol + CO2.

The progression of the endocardial endothelium over time, from its initial formation to the mature structure. The endocardium is an anatomical structure comprised of an endothelium and an extracellular matrix that forms the innermost layer of tissue of the heart, and lines the heart chambers.

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of an endothelium over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Endothelium refers to the layer of cells lining blood vessels, lymphatics, the heart, and serous cavities, and is derived from bone marrow or mesoderm. Corneal endothelium is a special case, derived from neural crest cells.

The process in which a group of unicellular organisms grow in a threadlike, filamentous shape in response to an increase in temperature.

The process in which a Peyer's patch is generated and organized. Peyer's patches are typically found as nodules associated with gut epithelium with distinct internal structures including B- and T-zones for the activation of lymphocytes.

A reversible switch of a cell from one phenotype to another that occurs upon infection of a host or host cell. For example, Candida albicans switches from a unicellular form to an invasive multicellular filamentous form upon infection of host tissue. Phenotypic switching begins with changes in cell morphology and altered gene expression patterns and ends when the morphology of a population of cells has reverted back to the default state, accompanied by altered expression patterns.

A reversible switch of a cell from one cell type or form to another, at a frequency above the expected frequency for somatic mutations. Phenotypic switching involves changes in cell morphology and altered gene expression patterns. For example, Candida albicans switches from white cells to opaque cells for sexual mating. Phenotypic switching also occurs in multicellular organisms; smooth muscle cells (SMCs) exhibit phenotypic transitions to allow rapid adaption to fluctuating environmental cues.

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of smooth muscle in the lung over time, from its formation to the mature structure.

The series of molecular signals initiated by the binding of a member of the BMP (bone morphogenetic protein) family to its receptor on the surface of a target cell, which contributes to the shaping of the ureter. The ureter is a tube that extends from the kidney to the bladder.

The appearance of oxytocin, a cyclic nonapeptide hormone with amino acid sequence CYIQNCPLG, due to biosynthesis or secretion following a cellular stimulus, resulting in an increase in its intracellular or extracellular levels. Oxytocin is the principal uterine-contracting and milk-ejecting hormone of the posterior pituitary, and together with the neuropeptide vasopressin, is believed to influence social cognition and behavior. It also acts as a neurotransmitter in the brain.

The regulated release of calcitonin, a peptide hormone that participates in calcium and phosphorus metabolism, from a cell.

The regulated release of a melanocyte-stimulating hormone, any of a group of peptide hormones that are produced by cells in the intermediate lobe of the pituitary gland, and stimulate the production of melanin to increase pigmentation.

The growth of colonies in filamentous chains of cells as a result of an increase in temperature.